IgA nephropathy

IgA nephropathy

IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease), also known as "Berger disease", is a common worldwide primary glomerular disease in the Asia-Pacific region accounted for the proportion of primary glomerular disease as high as 40% -50% While the low-incidence Indians in the western United States accounted for only 2%. In general, white people, yellow people was significantly higher than the incidence of blacks. The incidence of IgA nephropathy in China accounts for 26% -34% of primary glomerular diseases. The ratio of male to female is about 2: 1.
The disease is IgA or IgA-based immunoglobulin in glomerular deposition, glomerular mesangial cell proliferation and extracellular matrix accumulation as the main feature. According to the data before 2012, 15% -40% of patients eventually developed to end-stage renal disease (uremia). Study found that, IgA nephropathy there is a clear family tendency to be included in the scope of multi-gene genetic diseases.

IgA nephropathy can occur at any age, but 80% of patients in 16-35 years of age onset. 10 years old before the age of 50 is not common. Mostly in children and young people, often before the onset of upper respiratory tract infection, characterized by glomerular mesangial hyperplasia, immunofluorescence method shows visible mesangial IgA deposition
Etiology / IgA nephropathy
1, the patient's renal mesangial cells involved in the inflammatory response of IGA nephropathy: IGA nephropathy in the early onset of the inflammatory response is the onset of renal glomerular mesangial cells will be stimulated by inflammatory injury and inflammatory factors, resulting in a large number Immune complex precipitation in the patient's kidney, and ultimately lead to disease.

2, the main body of the immune complex deposition of immune complexes IGA involved in pathogenesis: IGA nephropathy in the human glomerular mesangial deposition of a large number of immune complex substances, of which the main immune complex IGA and IGA nephropathy in patients with glomerular system Membrane cells with a high degree of affinity, the combination of the two can cause intrinsic renal cell phenotype transformation caused by the occurrence of disease.

3, infection is also the cause of IGA nephropathy: colds, tonsillitis, fever and other naked eye or urinary occult blood, infection factors recurrent, leading to the occurrence of the disease. IGA nephropathy occurred in streptococcal infection, the majority of cases 2 to 3 weeks ago had pharyngitis, tonsillitis and other precursor infection. Daily life, there are 60 kinds of antigens can induce nephritis, such as streptococcus, staphylococcus, pneumococcus and so on.

4, IGA nephropathy with genetic factors: the investigation of patients with IGA nephropathy, igA nephropathy in some families will occur clustering phenomenon, indicating that IGA nephropathy to a certain extent, genetic factors. [2]
January 8, 2012, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen announced that the first time in China found IgA nephropathy unique to the two new susceptibility loci - chromosome 17 and chromosome 8, proved genetic factors in the IgA nephropathy play an important role in the pathogenesis and can affect the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy and clinical manifestations. Because of the genetic differences, the clinical manifestations of IgA nephropathy vary widely, the history of chronic kidney disease in the descendants of the family and the incidence of first-degree relatives, higher than the history of the disease is not the family.