Hypertensive nephropathy basic

Hypertensive nephropathy basic

Etiology

Kidney itself is used to filter toxins from the body, through the urine excretion of excess water and sodium, while preventing protein, blood cells and other leakage of blood vessels. Hypertension causes increased blood pressure in the blood vessels, causing leakage of protein into the urine. Once a protein leaks, it can cause damage to the kidney's filter system. High blood pressure long-term poor control, resulting in structural damage is difficult to reverse, it will gradually appear renal dysfunction, or even chronic renal failure, the last serious stage of uremia.

Clinical manifestations

Benign hypertensive nephrosclerosis in patients aged 40 to 50 years of age, history of hypertension for 5 to 10 years. Early only increased nocturia, with microalbuminuria, followed by proteinuria (usually + to + +), some patients may be a small amount of red blood cells in urine. Hypertension can lead to other organ complications: arteriosclerotic retinopathy, left ventricular hypertrophy, stroke. Progress slow, a small part of the progressive development of renal failure, the majority of mild renal dysfunction and abnormal urine routine.

Malignant hypertension Hypertension, diastolic blood pressure> 130 mm Hg, hematuria (microscopic hematuria or gross hematuria), proteinuria, or oliguria anuria, laboratory renal blood creatinine increased rapidly in the short term can Development to uremia. Often accompanied by malignant hypertension other organ damage, such as headache, drowsiness, convulsions, coma, blurred vision, vision loss or even blindness, heart enlargement, heart failure.

treatment

1. Strict control of blood pressure

Patients with blood pressure should be reduced to 140/90 mm Hg; with diabetes or hypertension complications (heart, brain, kidney), 24-hour urine protein is greater than 1 gram, should be reduced to 130/80 mm Hg below.

2. Reasonable choice of antihypertensive drugs

Should be used under the guidance of doctors: try to use long-acting antihypertensive drugs, to avoid blood pressure fluctuations.

3. Others

Treatment of Hypertension Complications.